Desarrollo de las estructuras cognitivas del alumnado sobre el aire mediante actividades de investigación

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DOI

https://doi.org/10.25267/Rev_Eureka_ensen_divulg_cienc.2020.v17.i2.2301

Información

La educación científica hoy
2301
Publicado: 18-03-2020
PlumX

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Resumen

Este estudio pretende examinar el desarrollo de las estructuras cognitivas del alumnado de 4º año, como resultado del uso de actividades de investigación, en la secuencia de clases que abordaban el concepto de aire. En el estudio han participado un total de 71 estudiantes en edades entre los 8 y 10 años. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de una prueba de asociación de palabras (Word Association Test - WAT) presentada al alumnado en dos momentos diferentes, antes y después de la secuencia de clases. Los resultados muestran modificaciones en las estructuras cognitivas de los estudiantes. En concreto se ha comprobado que, después de la secuencia de clases, las asociaciones más pobres entre las palabras-estímulo identificadas en el pre-test mostraron asociaciones con mayor superioridad en el post-test. Se destaca el análisis realizado a partir de las oraciones escritas por los estudiantes, en donde se observa que la naturaleza de estas asociaciones es más significativa para el tema de estudio, lo que revela una reorganización y desarrollo de las estructuras cognitivas del alumnado como resultado del uso de actividades de investigación en la secuencia de aula.

Palabras clave: Actividades de investigación; Estructuras cognitivas; Word Association Test, Aire.

Inquiry in the development of students' cognitive structures

Abstract: This study aims to evaluate the development of the cognitive structures of 4th grade students as a result of the use of inquiry activities in the sequence of lessons about the concept of air. The study was performed with a total of 71 students, aged from eight to ten years old. The data was collected through a Word Association Test (WAT) presented to students at two different moments, before and after the sequence of classes. The results reveal that the students' cognitive structures changed as a result of instruction. Specifically, it has been shown that, as a result of class sequence, the weakest associations between the stimulus words in the pretest appear in the posttest in a higher level of strength. The analysis of the sentences written by the students, that allows the disclosure of the nature of the associations, shows that they were more appropriated regarding the theme. This is indicative of a reorganization and development of the students' cognitive structures, as a result of the use of inquiry activities about the de concept of air.

Keywords: Inquiry; Cognitive structures; Word Association Test; Air.

Palabras clave

Actividades de investigación; Estructuras cognitivas; Word Association Test, Aire

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