Is the UNSC Resolution No. 2664 (2022) on humanitarian exemption a paradigm shift for sanction regimes?
DOI
https://doi.org/10.25267/Paix_secur_int.2023.i11.1205Información
Autores/as
- Francesco Seatzu (IT) Universidad de Cagliari (Italia)
- Paolo Vargiu (GB) Universidad de Leicester (Reino Unido)
Resumen
¿ES LA RESOLUCIÓN N° 2664 (2022) DEL CONSEJO DE SEGURIDAD DE LA ONU SOBRE EXCEPCIÓN HUMANITARIA UN CAMBIO DE PARADIGMA PARA LOS REGÍMENES DE SANCIONES?
La Resolución n° 2664 del Consejo de Seguridad de las Naciones Unidas es un avance pionero en la protección de los intereses humanitarios en el contexto de los regímenes de sanciones. Adoptada tras negociaciones arduas y difíciles, la Resolución introduce una excepción humanitaria en casi todas las sanciones de congelación de activos, eximiendo las operaciones humanitarias del ámbito de aplicación de los regímenes de sanciones de la ONU. Esto representa un logro importante con el objetivo de priorizar y proteger las necesidades e intereses de las organizaciones y actores humanitarios. De hecho, las sanciones económicas como instrumentos para alcanzar objetivos políticos presentan desafíos ya que restringen economías enteras, llevando así a graves consecuencias para las poblaciones de los estados objetivo. Sin embargo, las sanciones específicas pueden ser difíciles de implementar, ya que las actividades de los individuos o grupos objetivo y de los actores humanitarios legítimos a menudo pueden solaparse desde un punto de vista financiero. La excepción humanitaria introducida por la Resolución n° 2664 busca abordar estos problemas; y aunque la eficacia de esta excepción dependerá en gran medida de su implementación y aplicación, la lógica detrás de la Resolución debería adoptarse como norma para los regímenes de sanciones actuales y futuros. Este artículo sostiene que la Resolución n° 2664 tiene el potencial de transformar la manera en que las sanciones se implementan y aplican, y es, por lo tanto, un avance crucial en los esfuerzos de la ONU para proteger y promover los derechos humanos.
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