The Different Initiatives on Due Diligence for Responsible Mineral Supply Chains from Conflict-Affected and High-Risk Areas: Are there More Effective Alternatives?
DOI
https://doi.org/10.25267/Paix_secur_int.2021.i9.1201Info
Résumé
LES DIFFÉRENTES INITIATIVES DE DUE DILIGENCE DANS LA CHAÎNE D’APPROVISIONNEMENT EN MINERAIS DANS LES ZONES DE CONFLIT ET À HAUT RISQUE : EXISTE-T-IL D’AUTRES ALTERNATIVES PLUS EFFICACES?
Les minéraux des zones de conflit et à haut risque comme le coltan, présents dans tous les dispositifs technologiques que nous utilisons au quotidien, contribuent à l’exacerbation et à l’aggravation des conflits, ainsi qu’à la prolongation des situations de violation des droits humains dans de nombreuses régions du monde et, surtout, en Afrique. Pour mettre fin à ce fléau, de nombreux États et organisations internationales, comme les États-Unis, l’Organisation pour la coopération et le développement en Europe ou l’Union européenne, ont adopté différentes initiatives, toutes axées sur la diligence raisonnable que les agents doivent exercer. impliqués dans la chaîne d’approvisionnement de toute cette série de minerais de conflit. Cependant, le fait que certaines de ces initiatives ne soient même pas en vigueur n’a pas empêché la possibilité d’identifier des limites qui entravent la réalisation de leur objectif principal: rompre le lien entre l’exploitation illégale des ressources naturelles, le commerce illicite des ces ressources et la perpétuation des conflits armés. Ainsi, la question est de savoir s’il existe des alternatives viables plus efficaces aux initiatives existantes, comme un système de certification analogue au processus de certification Kimberley Diamond.
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Cette œuvre est sous licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d'Utilisation Commerciale 4.0 International.
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