EU borders and potential conflicts between new technologies and human rights
Auteurs-es
- Maria Avello Martinez (ES) Miembro Asociado de la Asociación Española de Profesores de Derecho Internacional
Résumé
Les immigrés et les demandeurs d'asile arrivent aux frontières de l'Union européenne (UE) sans interruption depuis des décennies. Bien qu'il y ait eu une baisse notable pendant la pandémie, leur nombre a déjà repris. L'identification de ces personnes est cruciale, même en cas d'échec dans leur tentative de franchir la frontière. C'est le cas des migrants qui meurent en mer et dont les corps ne peuvent être identifiés. Les agences de l'Espace de liberté, de sécurité et de justice ainsi que les États membres ont abordé l'identification aux frontières des migrants et des demandeurs d'asile en recourant progressivement aux technologies de l'intelligence artificielle (IA) pour développer un système garantissant la sécurité aux frontières européennes. L'Agence de l'Union européenne pour la gestion opérationnelle des systèmes d'information à grande échelle au sein de l'Espace de Liberté, de Sécurité et de Justice (EU-LISA) a vu son mandat étendu pour se concentrer sur la mise en œuvre des zones de gestion des frontières et de l'asile et de la migration de l'UE. L'objectif de cette note est de souligner certains risques potentiels dans la gestion actuelle des systèmes d'IA en ce qui concerne les droits humains des migrants et des demandeurs d'asile.
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(c) Tous droits réservés PEACE & SECURITY-PAIX ET SÉCURITÉ INTERNATIONALES –EuroMediterranean Journal of International Law and International Relations 2023
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