Dificultades en la comprensión de las fases de la Luna y los eclipses: revisión sistemática de la literatura

Información

Fundamentos y líneas de trabajo
1104
Publicado: 16-12-2025

Autores/as

  • Elvira Gutiérrez-Jiménez (ES) Departamento de Física Aplicada, Escuela de Ingeniería de Bilbao. Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU) https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9038-8974
  • Ane Portillo-Blanco (ES) Departamento de Física Aplicada, Escuela de Ingeniería de Gipuzkoa. Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU)
  • Paulo Sarriugarte (ES) Departamento de Física Aplicada, Escuela de Ingeniería de Bilbao. Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU)
  • Kristina Zuza (ES) Departamento de Física Aplicada, Escuela de Ingeniería de Gipuzkoa. Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4455-0165

Resumen

En este estudio se identifican las dificultades de aprendizaje relacionadas con las fases de la Luna y los eclipses reportadas en la literatura. Para ello, se ha llevado a cabo una revisión sistemática en las bases de datos ERIC, Scopus y Web of Science, siguiendo la declaración PRISMA 2020. Se analizan 38 publicaciones que cumplen los criterios de inclusión establecidos. Los resultados obtenidos se agrupan en cuatro categorías principales basadas en la jerarquización de conceptos y en la progresión e interrelación de los conceptos astronómicos: (C1) aspectos básicos del sistema Sol-Tierra-Luna (escala y tamaño relativo, órbitas, movimientos celestes, reflexión de la luz solar), (C2) fases de la Luna, (C3) relación entre fases de la Luna y eclipses (posición de los astros y fase lunar correspondiente en cada tipo de eclipse, razón por la que no hay eclipses en cada fase nueva o llena y el concepto de línea de nodos) y (C4) eclipses lunares y solares. Las dificultades identificadas se presentan en distintos agentes que participan en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje a nivel internacional incluyendo alumnado de primaria, secundaria y universidad, profesorado en formación (procedente de grados de educación y graduados en ciencias) y profesorado en activo. Se concluye que las dificultades descritas son similares en los niveles educativos que se tratan en las publicaciones, y algunas de ellas resultan generalizables.

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Agencias de apoyo  

Grupo IKASGARAIA (IT1637/22) de la UPV/EHU.

Cómo citar

Gutiérrez-Jiménez, E., Portillo-Blanco, A., Sarriugarte, P., & Zuza , K. (2025). Dificultades en la comprensión de las fases de la Luna y los eclipses: revisión sistemática de la literatura. Revista Eureka Sobre Enseñanza Y Divulgación De Las Ciencias, 23(1), 1104. Recuperado a partir de https://revistas.uca.es/index.php/eureka/article/view/11971

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