One plus One leads to Another One
From Third Sector and Solidarity Economy to Fourth Sector in Latin America and Europe
DOI
https://doi.org/10.25267/Rev_estud_socioeducativos.2025.i13.11Info
Authors
- Cesar Sanchez (ES) Universidad de Zaragoza https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8274-6217
Abstract
This article aims to investigate the concepts of Solidarity Economy and the Third Sector, while also introduces the emergence of the Fourth Sector as a hybrid process. The study examines the reality that flourishes within the framework of apparently humanistic capitalism, which is socioeconomically characterized by the strong role of both social and technology innovation processes. In this context, the Solidarity Economy and the Third Sector exhibit interconnections and pragmatic proposals that determine and condition the well-being of the population, operating within the framework created by the alliance between the Capitalist Market and the Welfare State.
Currently, the emerging phenomena and the nature of new social movements, situated within the context of capitalism's polycrisis as a social system, necessitate a discussion on the diverse organizational forms grounded in solidarity, cooperation, and collaboration, as well as the elements that inform the articulation of the market and civil society. This article engages with the conceptual development of the Fourth Sector as a hybrid evolution stemming from the Solidarity Economy and the Third Sector, positing it as a novel social reproduction of capitalism with a humanistic critique.
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