Les systèmes combinatoires animaux n'ont pas de double articulation : Hockett n'avait pas tort
DOI
https://doi.org/10.25267/Pragmalinguistica.2015.i23.07Info
0
- Victor Manuel Longa Martínez (ES) Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
Résumé
La double articulation est une qualité fondamentale du langage. Il y a un demi-siècle, Charles Hockett a comparé la communication animale et le langage avec son système de traits de dessin, et a soutenu que la dualité était l'une des quelques fonctionnalités manquantes dans la communication animale. Dès lors, de nombreux auteurs, notamment des linguistes, ont attribué cette qualité à certains systèmes de communication des animaux montrant une nature combinatoire, dans lesquels les signaux sont formés par l'assemblage d’unités mineures. Cet article analyse ces propositions de façon critique; en particulier, il soutient l’argument que la nature hiérarchique-combi-natoire de ces systèmes diffère considérablement de celle du langage, ne possédant pas de double articulation. Par conséquent, ce travail justifie la position de Hockett, considérant qu’il avait tout à fait raison lorsqu’il soutenait que la double articulation est une caractéristique absente dans la communication animale.
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