Possibilidades de aprendizagem autônoma de alunos do ensino secundário na criação de imagens por inteligência artificial
Downloads
- PDF (Español (España)) 178
- EPUB (Español (España)) 55
- VISOR (Español (España))
- MÓVIL (Español (España))
- XML (Español (España)) 10
DOI
https://doi.org/10.25267/Hachetetepe.2025.i30.1201Informação
Resumo
Este estudo-piloto investiga a capacidade de 83 estudantes do ensino secundário para utilizarem ferramentas de geração de imagens de IA de forma autodidata, utilizando o software Stable Diffusion. Os participantes criaram imagens a partir de instruções textuais, melhorando-as iterativamente numa sessão de 55 minutos. Os resultados mostraram aumentos nas pontuações das instruções melhoradas, especialmente na identificação e descrição de elementos físicos e emocionais, embora o tamanho do efeito tenha variado entre muito pequeno e moderado. A entropia lexical não variou significativamente, o que indica uma criatividade e adaptabilidade limitadas nos anúncios. Conclui-se que os alunos necessitam de apoio do professor para melhorar a qualidade das mensagens e tirar o máximo partido da IA em contextos educativos.
Palavras-chave
Downloads
Como Citar
Licença
Copyright (c) 2025 Fabio Saz-Pérez , Alexandra Lizana Carrió , Bartolomé Pizà-Mir , Bárbara de Benito Crosetti

Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Os autores que publicaram com esta revista, aceitam os seguintes termos:
1. Manterão seus direitos autorais e garantirão à revista o direito à primeira publicação de seu trabalho, que estará simultaneamente sujeita à Licença de Atribuição Creative Commons. Podem ser copiados, utilizados, divulgados, transmitidos e exibidos publicamente, desde que a autoria, url e revista sejam citados, e não sejam utilizados para fins comerciais. Nenhuma obra derivada é permitida.
2. Podem adotar outros contratos de licença não exclusiva para a distribuição da versão publicada da obra (por exemplo, depositá-la em arquivo telemático institucional ou publicá-la em volume monográfico), desde que seja indicada a publicação inicial nesta revista.
3. Divulgue seu trabalho pela Internet (por exemplo, em arquivos telemáticos institucionais ou em seu site) uma vez que o manuscrito seja aceito, o que pode levar a trocas interessantes e ao aumento das citações do trabalho publicado. (Veja O efeito do acesso aberto).
Hachetetepé. A revista científica de educação e comunicação não cobra taxa pela submissão de manuscritos ou pela publicação de seus artigos.
Referências
Arvidsson, S., y Axell, J. (2023). Prompt engineering guidelines for LLMs in Requirements Engineering. https://acortar.link/NJ5vCu
Brade, S., Wang, B., Sousa, M., Oore, S., y Grossman, T. (2023, October). Promptify: Text-to-image generation through interactive prompt exploration with large language models. arXiv preprints. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2304.09337
Brown, T. B., Mann, B., Ryder, N., Subbiah, M., Kaplan, J., Dhariwal, P., ... y Amodei, D. (2020). Language models are few-shot learners. arXiv preprints. https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.14165
Chai, C. S., Koh, J. h. L., y Tsai, C. C. (2010). Facilitating preservice teachers' development of technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge (TPACK). Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 13(4), 63-73.
Chang, L.-H., y Ginter, F. (2024). Automatic Short Answer Grading for Finnish with ChatGPT. Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 38(21), 23173-23181. https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v38i21.30363
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. Second Edition. LEA.
Cózar, R., Zagalaz, J., y Sáez, J. M. (2015). Creating digital curricular contents of Social Sciences for Primary
Education. A TPACK experience for future teachers. Educatio Siglo XXI, 33(3), 147-167. http://doi.org/10.6018/j/240921
de Benito Crosetti, B., y Salinas Ibáñez, J. M. (2016). La Investigación Basada en Diseño en Tecnología Educativa. RiiTE Revista interuniversitaria de investigación en Tecnología Educativa, 0, 44-59.
https://doi.org/10.6018/riite2016/260631
de Kok, T. (June 2024). ChatGPT for Textual Analysis? How to use Generative LLMs in Accounting Research. SSRN. http://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4429658
Dehouche, N., y Dehouche, K. (2023). What's in a text-to-image prompt? The potential of stable diffusion in visual arts education. Heliyon, 9(6), e16757. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16757
Duan, Y., Edwards, J. S.,Dwivedi, Y. K. (2019). Artificial intelligence for decision making in the era of Big Data–evolution, challenges and research agenda. International journal of information management, 48, 63-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2019.01.021
Dwivedi, Y. K., Kshetri, N., Hughes, L., Slade, E. L., Jeyaraj, A., Kar, A. K., ... y Wright, R. (2023). “So what if ChatGPT wrote it?” Multidisciplinary perspectives on opportunities, challenges and implications of generative conversational AI for research, practice and policy. International Journal of Information Management, 71, 102642.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2023.102642
Ekin, S. (2023). Prompt engineering for ChatGPT: a quick guide to techniques, tips, and best practices. TechRxiv. https://doi.org/10.36227/techrxiv.22683919.v2
Ennis, R.H. (2019). Long definition of critical thinking. CriticalThinking.net. https://acortar.link/XqoRsP
García-Peñalvo, F. J. (2023). La percepción de la Inteligencia Artificial en contextos educativos tras el lanzamiento de ChatGPT: disrupción o pánico. Education in the Knowledge Society (EKS), 24, e31279. https://doi.org/10.14201/eks.31279
Giray, L. (2023). Prompt engineering with ChatGPT: a guide for academic writers. Annals of biomedical engineering, 51(12), 2629-2633.
Hao, Y., Chi, Z., Dong, L., y Wei, F. (2022). Optimizing prompts for text-to-image generation. arXiv preprint. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2212.09611
Herman, D. (2022, December 9th). The End of High-School English. The Atlantis. http://bit.ly/3Xhmle1
Jukiewicz, M. (2024). The future of grading programming assignments in education: The role of ChatGPT in
automating the assessment and feedback process. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 52, 101522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2024.101522
Lara, L. R., Diaz, C. E., Palomeque, A. L. V., y Toloza, E. A. (2020). Introducción del concepto de entropía en el proceso de interacción de materiales en educación a distancia. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Universidad Nacional de Catamarca.
Latif, E., y Zhai, X. (2024). Fine-tuning chatgpt for automatic scoring. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 6, 100210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2024.100210
Liu, V., y Chilton, L. B. (2022, April). Design guidelines for prompt engineering text-to-image generative models. arXiv preprints. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2109.06977
Llorens-Largo, F., y ChatGPT. (2022, 22 de diciembre). Cavilaciones invernales. Universídad. http://bit.ly/3XGk0Jn
Madison, J. (2004). James Madison Critical Thinking Course. Seaside, CA: The Critical Thinking Co. https://acortar.link/Z78Utz
Manassero-Mas, M. A., y Vázquez-Alonso, Á. (2020). Evaluación de destrezas de pensamiento crítico: Validación de instrumentos libres de cultura. Tecné, Episteme y Didaxis: TED, (47), 15-32. https://doi.org/10.17227/ted.num47-9801
Marche, S. (2022, December 6th). The College Essay Is Dead. Nobody is prepared for how AI will transform academia. The Atlantis. http://bit.ly/3iEoPEd
McTear, M. F., Callejas, Z., y Griol, D. (2016). The conversational interface. Springer.
Meckler, L., y Verma, P. (2022). Teachers are on alert for inevitable cheating after the release of ChatGPT. The Washington Post. https://acortar.link/vp6T7h
Mindner, L., Schlippe, T., Schaaff, K. (2023). Classification of Human- and AI-Generated Texts: Investigating Features for ChatGPT. En Schlippe, T., Cheng, E.C.K., Wang, T. (eds) Artificial Intelligence in Education Technologies: New
Development and Innovative Practices. AIET 2023. Lecture Notes on Data Engineering and Communications Technologies (Vol 190, pp.152-170). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-7947-9_12
OpenAI. (2024a). ChatGPT [Custom large language model]. https://chat.opeanai.com/chat
OpenAI. (2024b). Diagrams & Data: Research, Analyze, Visualize (GPT-4) [Custom large language model]. OpenAI. https://acortar.link/6RYLj4
Oppenlaender, J. (2023). A taxonomy of prompt modifiers for text-to-image generation. Behaviour & Information Technology, 43(15), 3763–3776. https://doi.org/10.1080/0144929X.2023.2286532
Paul, R. y Nosich, G.M. (2019). A Model for the National Assessment of Higher Order Thinking. Critical Thinking.org. https://acortar.link/aWjiLp
Pavlichenko, N., y Ustalov, D. (2023, July). Best prompts for text-to-image models and how to find them. arXiv preprints. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2209.11711
Phan, H.P. (2010). Critical thinking as a self-regulatory process component in teaching and learning. Psicothema, 22, 284-292.
Pinto, G., Cardoso-Pereira, I., Monteiro, D., Lucena, D., Souza, A., y Gama, K. (2023, September). Large language models for education: Grading open-ended questions using chatgpt. arXiv preprints. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2307.16696
Radford, A., Wu, J., Child, R., Luan, D., Amodei, D., y Sutskever, I. (2019). Language models are unsupervised multitask learners. OpenAI blog, 1(8), 9.
Rebollo-Catalán, A., y Vico-Bosch, A. (2014). El apoyo social percibido como factor de inclusión digital de las mujeres de entorno rural en las redes sociales virtuales. Comunicar, 43(22), 173-180. https://doi.org/10.3916/C432014-17
Ropek, L. (2023, 4 enero). New York City Schools Ban ChatGPT to Head Off a Cheating Epidemic. Gizmodo. http://bit.ly/3kp8Ha9
Sahoo, P., Singh, A. K., Saha, S., Jain, V., Mondal, S., y Chadha, A. (2024). A systematic survey of prompt engineering in large language models: Techniques and applications. arXiv preprints. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2402.07927
Saz-Pérez, F., y Pizà-Mir, B. (2024a). Desafiando el estado del arte en el uso de ChatGPT en educación en el año 2023. REIRE Revista d’Innovació i Recerca en Educació, 17(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1344/reire.44018
Saz-Pérez, F. y Pizà-Mir, B. (2024b). Needs and perspectives on the integration of generative artificial intelligence in Spanish educational context. UTE Teaching y Technology (Universitas Tarraconensis), (2), e3803. https://doi.org/10.17345/ute.2024.3803
Saz-Pérez, F., Pizá-Mir, B., y Lizana Carrió, A. (2024). Validación y estructura factorial de un cuestionario TPACK en el contexto de Inteligencia Artificial Generativa (IAG). Hachetetepé. Revista científica de Educación y Comunicación, (28), 1101. https://doi.org/10.25267/Hachetetepe.2024.i28.1101
Serban, I. V., Sordoni, A., Bengio, Y., Courville, A. C., y Pineau, J. (2017). A hierarchical latent variable encoder-decoder model for generating dialogues. arXiv preprints. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1605.06069
Shannon, C. E., y Weaver, W. (1948). The Mathematical Theory of Communication. University of Illinois Press.
Sorensen, T., Robinson, J., Rytting, C. M., Shaw, A., Rogers, K., Delorey, A., Khalil, M., Fulda, N., y Wingate, D. (2022). An Information-theoretic Approach to Prompt Engineering Without Ground Truth Labels. arXiv preprints.
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2203.11364
Stokel-Walker, C. (2022, December 9th). AI bot ChatGPT writes smart essays should professors worry? Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-022-04397-7
Sun, S., Zhang, C., Huang, L., y Li, J. (2019). Context-aware response generation for multi-turn conversation with deep reinforcement learning. IEEE Access, 7, 49918-49927.
Tapalova, O., y Zhiyenbayeva, N. (2020). Artificial Intelligence in Education: AIEd for Personalised Learning Pathways. European Journal of ELearning, 18(5), 361-373. https://doi.org/10.34190/ejel.20.5.2597
The Jamovi Project (2022). Jamovi. (Versión 2.3) [Computer Software]. https://www.jamovi.org.
Torres-díaz, J. C., y Infante-Moro, A. (2011). Digital divide in universities: Internet use in Ecuadorian universities.
Comunicar, 19(37), 81- 88. https://doi.org/10.3916/C37-2011-02-08
White, J., Fu, Q., Hays, S., Sandborn, M., Olea, C., Gilbert, H., ... y Schmidt, D. C. (2023). A prompt pattern catalog to enhance prompt engineering with chatgpt. arXiv preprints. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2302.11382
Zawacki-Richter, O., Marín, V. I., Bond, M., y Gouverneur, F. (2019). Systematic review of research on artificial intelligence applications in higher education–where are the educators?. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 16(1), 1-27.

