El papel del discurso humorístico en la construcción de la identidad de género
DOI
https://doi.org/10.25267/Pragmalinguistica.2019.i27.06Información
Autores/as
- Esther Linares Bernabéu (ES) Universidad de Alicante
Resumen
La presente investigación analiza la forma en la que la identidad de género se refleja en el habla y explora sus implicaciones teóricas y prácticas. En concreto, el objetivo principal es explorar las distintas formas interesantes en las que las humoristas hacen uso del estilo de habla femenino y masculino, a través del discurso directo, con el objeto de romper con los roles sexuales y subvertir las nociones heteronormativas de masculinidad y feminidad. Partimos de la hipótesis de que, en el discurso humorístico, el estilo de habla femenino y masculino se usan con independencia del sexo para conseguir unos determinados efectos cómicos y sociales. Con el objetivo de verificar tal conjetura, este estudio recoge un corpus de 15 monólogos humorísticos representados por cómicas estadounidenses y británicas como Tina Fey, Amy Schumer, Sarah Silverman, Kristen Shaal, Ellen DeGeneres or Bridget Christie. La transcripción y segmentación de dichas muestras nos ha permitido examinar la función de los estilos de habla en el discurso directo y su relación con los estilos humorísticos propuestos por Martin et al. (2003). El análisis de los efectos conseguidos en relación con la construcción y deconstrucción de la identidad de género, así como el estudio de los elementos lingüísticos y paralingüísticos empleados para desencadenar el efecto cómico, nos ha permitido comprobar que el uso de un estilo de habla marcado por una determinada identidad de género es un instrumento discursivo que puede implicar tanto la ruptura de determinados roles sexuales como el refuerzo de tópicos y estereotipos de género.
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